Contents
Acknowledgments ?vii
Introduction ?1
How to Use This Book ?2
1. ?Racism?s Past, Present, and Future ?3
What Is Racism? ?3
The Effects of Racism in the United States ?11
An Intersectionality Lens ?18
Now What? ?21
2. ?Connecting Culturally Responsive, Anti-Bias, and Anti-Racist (CRABAR) Practices ?23
Anti-Racism and Anti-Bias ?24
Terminology Matters: Defining Bias and Racism ?25
Racism in Early Childhood Education ?26
Introducing the CRABAR Framework ?27
Now What? ?38
3. ?Creating CRABAR Learning Environments ?41
Spaces for Belonging: Model Learning Environments ?42
The Classroom Environment: A Review ?43
Reflection on Afrocentric Classroom Environments ?44
Prepare to Develop Anti-Racist Classroom Environments ?45
Now What? ?58
4. ?Developing a CRABAR Assessment View ?61
Purposes of Assessment ?62
Using a CRABAR Lens for Assessment of Classroom Quality ?68
Emerging CRABAR Assessments ?75
Now What? ?79
How Assessments Should be Used ?81
5. ?Valuing the Early Childhood Workforce to Sustain CRABAR Practices ?83
The Vast Role and Limited Compensation for ECE Professionals ?84
Low and Inequitable Wages for ECE Professionals Explained by Legacy of Racism and Sexism ?85
Now What? ?97
6. ?Using the RICHER Approach to Elevate the CRABAR Practices ?99
Deference to Whiteness in ECE Settings ?101
The RICHER Framework ?103
Now What? ?116
Conclusion ?121
Resources ?123
References ?125
Index ?143
About the Authors ?155
Land Acknowledgement ?155
Body Acknowledgment ?157